The volume of blood the heart pumps per minute, calculated as heart rate multiplied by stroke volume. A normal cardiac output is about 4 to 8 liters per minute. Reduced cardiac output is the hallmark of heart failure.
The volume of blood the heart pumps per minute, calculated as heart rate multiplied by stroke volume. A normal cardiac output is about 4 to 8 liters per minute. Reduced cardiac output is the hallmark of heart failure.
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